Abstract
Motorcycle functional Cheebtsam yog nyob rau hauv cov khoom txuas ntxiv ntawm kev lag luam kev lag luam automotive, uas nruj me ntsis raws li kev tswj xyuas zoo ntawm kev lag luam tsheb thoob ntiaj teb. IATF 16949, raws li cov txheej txheem kev tswj hwm zoo rau kev lag luam tsheb, ua qauv rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev lag luam los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xav tau docking rau cov khoom xa tuaj rau tsheb thiab maus taus cov khoom lag luam. Hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm maus taus thiab tsheb sib txuam qhov chaw, kev tswj hwm zoo nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tswj kev kos duab, kev nug cov neeg siv khoom hloov dua siab tshiab, kev txiav txim ua tiav, cov khoom siv raw khoom tuaj xyuas, ib nrab-cov khoom tiav cov txheej txheem kuaj, thiab cov khoom tiav kev soj ntsuam yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej cov khoom sib xws, kev ntseeg tau thiab kev ua raws li cov neeg siv khoom. Daim ntawv no qhia txog tag nrho -chain tswj kev tswj xyuas kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm cov maus taus thiab cov khoom siv tsheb raws li IATF 16949 cov kev cai, suav nrog txhua qhov txuas tseem ceeb los ntawm kev thov docking rau cov khoom xa tuaj, txhawm rau muab cov qauv kev taw qhia rau kev tswj kom zoo hauv kev tsim khoom.
1. Taw qhia
Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsheb thiab maus taus kev lag luam, cov chaw tsim tsheb hauv qab tau muab cov kev xav tau siab dua thiab nruj dua ntawm qhov raug qhov tseeb, cov khoom ruaj khov, cov txheej txheem sib xws thiab cov khoom sib xws ntawm cov khoom txhawb nqa. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsheb kauj vab xws li nres qhov system, cov khoom siv hauv lub cev, cov khoom sib txuas ntawm lub chassis thiab cov hauv paus hauv paus sib koom ua ke cov qauv kev lag luam zoo xws li cov khoom siv hauv tsheb, thiab txhua yam yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai tseem ceeb ntawm IATF 16949 kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm zoo tsom rau kev tiv thaiv tsis xws luag, kev tswj kev hloov pauv thiab xoom - xa khoom tsis raug.
Sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab zoo tib yam, tsheb thiab maus taus txuam qhov chaw muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev hloov kho siab, nruj me ntsis kam rau ua, muaj zog batch sib xws thiab traceable ntau lawm txheej txheem. Yog li ntawd, cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam yuav tsum tsim kom muaj qhov kaw- lub voj voog kev tswj hwm zoo npog tag nrho cov kev lag luam raws li IATF 16949, paub txog kev tswj hwm tus qauv ntawm txhua qhov txuas los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom kos duab txais tos kom tiav cov khoom xa tuaj, thiab ua tib zoo zam kom tsis txhob muaj kev pheej hmoo zoo xws li qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, cov khoom tsis zoo - ua raws thiab cov txheej txheem tsis raug.
2. Technical Drawing Management thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Cov Neeg Siv Khoom Xav Tau Hloov
Kev kos duab kos duab yog lub hauv paus kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov tsheb thiab cov maus taus thiab cov qauv tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm IATF 16949, kev tswj kev kos duab thiab kev thov hloov dua siab tshiab hauv theem nug yog qhov pib ntawm tag nrho - txheej txheem tswj kev ua tau zoo, uas txiav txim siab qhov tseeb ntawm cov qauv tsim khoom thiab tshuaj xyuas tom ntej.
Thaum tau txais cov lus nug ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, pawg neeg ua haujlwm zoo thiab cov kws tshaj lij yuav tsum ua ntej kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev tswj hwm tus qauv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom- muab 2D / 3D kos duab. Cov ntsiab lus tshuaj xyuas suav nrog cov khoom lag luam qhov ntev, qhov siab ntev, cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb, kev kho deg, cov qauv kev kho cua sov, laser engraving cim specifications thiab tshwj xeeb cov neeg siv khoom zoo clauses. Raws li IATF 16949 cov txheej txheem tswj cov ntaub ntawv, tag nrho cov neeg siv khoom kos duab yuav tsum raug xa mus, version- tswj thiab hloov kho nyob rau lub sijhawm tiag tiag los tiv thaiv kev tsim khoom tsis zoo uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov qauv kos duab tas sij hawm thiab hloov pauv tsis ua haujlwm.
Tom qab ua tiav kev tshuaj xyuas kev kos duab, lub tuam txhab yuav tsum hloov cov neeg siv khoom tus kheej cov kev xav tau rau hauv cov qauv tsim ua tiav. Ua ke nrog lub peev xwm tsim tau tiag tiag, cov txheej txheem txheej txheem thiab cov cuab yeej tshuaj xyuas raug ntawm lub Hoobkas, pab pawg kws tshaj lij txheeb xyuas cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, tsim cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm sab hauv thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, thiab tsim cov qauv txheej txheem kev sib tw nrog cov neeg siv khoom nug. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub tuam tsev ua haujlwm zoo yuav tsum txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov qauv kev hloov pauv kom ntseeg tau tias tag nrho cov neeg siv khoom tsis raug cai thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom tau raug txiav txim siab tag nrho rau hauv kev tsim khoom thiab tshuaj xyuas txuas ntxiv, tso lub hauv paus rau kev txiav txim siab thiab ntau lawm.
3. Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo nyob rau hauv kev lees paub kev txiav txim thiab kev npaj ua tiav
Tom qab tus neeg siv khoom paub meej txog cov txheej txheem nug thiab muab qhov kev txiav txim, lub tuam txhab siv cov txheej txheem kev tswj hwm zoo hauv kev tshuaj xyuas kev txiav txim thiab kev npaj tsim khoom raws li IATF 16949 cov khoom lag luam kev npaj ua tiav. Tus ntoo khaub lig- pab neeg ua haujlwm tau tsim los ntawm kev ua tau zoo, kev tsim khoom, kev yuav khoom thiab thev naus laus zis ua qhov kev txiav txim siab zoo rov qab xyuas dua, tsom mus rau kev lees paub cov khoom tsim tawm ntau, lub voj voog xa khoom, cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb zoo, cov qauv ntim khoom thiab kev thauj mus los, thiab tom qab- cov lus lees paub muag khoom zoo.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev npaj ntau lawm kev tswj kom zoo, lub tuam txhab ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov khoom siv ntau lawm, cov cuab yeej fixtures thiab cov cuab yeej tshawb nrhiav. Tag nrho cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm thiab cov cuab yeej ntsuas yuav tsum tau ntsuas tsis tu ncua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua los xyuas kom meej tias cov cuab yeej ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm lub tsheb thiab maus taus. Lub caij no, tsim cov phiaj xwm kev tswj hwm kev tsim khoom zoo (QCP), qhia meej qhov kev soj ntsuam ntau zaus, kuaj xyuas cov khoom thiab cov qauv txiav txim ntawm txhua txoj kev txuas, thiab paub txog qhov ua ntej - tswj cov khoom lag luam zoo txaus ntshai.
4. Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab pabcuam
Raw khoom zoo yog lub hauv paus guarantee ntawm tiav cov khoom zoo ntawm lub tsheb thiab maus taus Cheebtsam. IATF 16949 qhia txog kev tswj hwm qhov zoo thiab kev tswj hwm tus neeg xa khoom zoo, thiab tag nrho cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom siv pabcuam rau kev tsim khoom yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv tshuaj xyuas nruj heev.
Lub chaw muag khoom xaiv cov neeg muag khoom tsim nyog raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm tus neeg muag khoom thiab kev nkag mus rau qhov system, thiab lub tuam tsev ua haujlwm zoo ua cov kev ntsuam xyuas kev ua tau zoo thiab kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm cov neeg muag khoom. Rau cov khoom siv hlau nkag, cov khoom siv yas, fasteners thiab cov khoom siv ua cov khoom siv hauv maus taus thiab cov tsheb, cov neeg ua haujlwm soj ntsuam tuaj yeem ua cov qauv tshuaj xyuas nruj raws li cov qauv tshuaj xyuas thiab cov qauv batch sampling. Cov khoom siv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas muaj xws li cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, cov tsos zoo, qhov sib xws thiab ua raws li cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb.
Cov ntaub ntawv raw uas dhau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas yuav tsum tau cim nrog cov lej batch, hnub tsim khoom thiab kev soj ntsuam cov txiaj ntsig tau txais txiaj ntsig, thiab khaws cia rau hauv cov chaw sib cais kom paub txog tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv traceability. Rau cov khoom siv tsis tsim nyog, lub tuam txhab yuav tsum ua raws li cov txheej txheem uas tsis yog - ua raws li cov txheej txheem tswj cov khoom, ua kom rov qab thiab tsis lees txais kev kho mob, thiab sau cov ntaub ntawv tsis tsim nyog kom ntxaws kom tsis txhob muaj cov khoom tsis tsim nyog nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom txuas thiab ua rau cov khoom tsis zoo.
5. Txheej Txheem Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Zoo ntawm Semi-Cov khoom tiav
Hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom loj ntawm cov khoom siv tsheb thiab maus taus, ib nrab- kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom tiav yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb rau kev tswj cov txheej txheem hloov pauv thiab tiv thaiv kev tsis sib xws, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm IATF 16949 txheej txheem kev tswj kom zoo.
Raws li cov txheej txheem kev tswj xyuas kev ua tau zoo, lub rooj cob qhia siv peb - theem kev tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem: tus kheej- kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm cov tswv lag luam, kev tshuaj xyuas kev sib koom los ntawm kev tshaj tawm thiab kev tshuaj xyuas tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam zoo. Tom qab txhua txoj kev ua haujlwm xws li tig, milling, drilling, polishing thiab kho qhov chaw, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum ua tus kheej- tshuaj xyuas ntawm qhov ua tiav qhov loj me thiab cov tsos ntawm semi- cov khoom tiav kom tshem tawm cov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv lub sijhawm. Cov nyob ntawm -cov kws tshuaj xyuas qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua thiab random sampling tshuaj xyuas ntawm ib nrab- cov khoom tiav hauv cov txheej txheem, tsom mus rau kev kuaj xyuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov ntev, cov txheej txheem tsim kom zoo thiab kev sib dhos ua tau zoo.
Rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo sib txuas ntawm maus taus core Cheebtsam xws li brake disc processing thiab seat base forming, tsub kom qhov kev soj ntsuam zaus thiab ua tiav tag nrho - kev soj ntsuam xyuas rau qhov loj me. Rau lub semi-cov khoom tiav nrog cov kev soj ntsuam tsis tsim nyog, kos thiab cais lawv tam sim ntawd, ua rau muaj teeb meem taug qab cov txheej txheem, txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau ntawm cov txheej txheem txawv txav xws li cov khoom sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem tsis raug, thiab kho thiab tiv thaiv kev ntsuas kom ntseeg tau tias cov txheej txheem ntau lawm lub xeev yog ib txwm ruaj khov thiab tsim nyog, thiab zam kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom lag luam tom ntej {3}.
6. Kev soj ntsuam cov khoom tiav thiab kev xa khoom zoo
Kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom tiav tiav yog qhov kev txwv zaum kawg rau cov khoom siv tsheb thiab cov maus taus kom ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom zoo, thiab yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb kom paub txog xoom-kev xa khoom tsis raug raws li IATF 16949.
Tom qab cov khoom tiav tiav tiav tiav thiab sib sau ua ke, lub tuam tsev zoo ua tiav kev soj ntsuam zaum kawg raws li cov neeg siv khoom kos duab cov qauv thiab cov khoom lag luam tiav cov khoom tshuaj xyuas. Qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas npog tag nrho qhov tseeb qhov tseeb, kev kho qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw, kos npe thiab kos duab sib xws, cov khoom sib dhos ua haujlwm, pom qhov tsis xws luag thiab kuaj xyuas kev ua haujlwm. Rau cov khoom lag luam batch, siv cov qauv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev tshawb fawb, thiab ua qhov kev soj ntsuam tag nrho rau siab -precision thiab kev nyab xeeb- txog cov khoom tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias txhua yam khoom xa tuaj raws li cov qauv kev lag luam hauv tsheb.
Tom qab cov khoom tiav raug tshuaj xyuas thiab tsim nyog, lub tuam tsev zoo txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv soj ntsuam, cov ntaub ntawv zoo batch thiab cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas cov khoom, thiab sib tw nrog cov neeg siv khoom cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, standardize cov khoom ntim, labeling thiab loading txuas, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj xws li kev sib tsoo thiab khawb thaum lub sij hawm thauj mus los, thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom raug xa mus rau cov neeg muas zaub nrog tag nrho cov zoo raws li txoj cai. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv soj ntsuam zoo tau muab khaws cia hauv hluav taws xob thiab hauv daim ntawv ua raws li IATF 16949 traceability cov cai, uas yooj yim rau kev taug qab zoo, kev tshuaj xyuas teeb meem thiab kev soj ntsuam cov neeg siv khoom.
7. Cov lus xaus
Raws li qhov tseem ceeb txhawb nqa ntawm kev lag luam tsheb, cov khoom siv maus taus yuav tsum tau ua raws li IATF 16949 kev tswj xyuas kev ua tau zoo raws li tus qauv tseem ceeb los tsim kom muaj tag nrho - saw kaw- kev tswj hwm txoj hlua zoo uas suav nrog kev hloov pauv, kev npaj, cov khoom siv raw khoom tuaj xyuas, ib nrab - tiav cov txheej txheem kev soj ntsuam thiab kev soj ntsuam cov khoom tiav. Kev tswj hwm zoo ntawm txhua qhov txuas tuaj yeem txo cov txheej txheem kev hloov pauv zoo, tshem tawm cov kev pheej hmoo zoo, xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom lag luam ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau siab thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev lag luam tsheb thiab maus taus, thiab txuas ntxiv txhim kho cov khoom lag luam raws li cov neeg siv khoom thiab kev sib tw ua lag luam. Hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm tom ntej, cov tuam txhab yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem tswj kev ua haujlwm zoo nrog rau kev soj ntsuam xyuas cov txiaj ntsig thiab cov neeg siv khoom tawm tswv yim, paub txog kev txhim kho kev tswj xyuas kom zoo, thiab hloov mus rau qhov kev hloov kho dua tshiab ntawm kev lag luam tsheb thoob ntiaj teb.
